What is organic agriculture

Organic agriculture

In fact what it is organic agriculture, organic products and why you may not be affordable by the public especially by our own farmers. And can this system of organic agriculture could be one of the options in the framework of food security and agricultural land sustainabilitas in Indonesia.

Embryo of organic agriculture has been long since we know, when it all done in a traditional and natural materials. In line with the development of agricultural science and the human population explosion and food needs also increase. When the green revolution in India to provide results that are significant to the fulfillment of their food needs. Where the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers, planting varieties to produce superior high (high yield variety), the use of pesticides, and other land use intensification increased.

Pollution chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other due to the excess usage, impact of environmental degradation and human health. Understanding the dangers of chemicals in the synthetic long time began to be sought so that alternative farming plant that can produce products that are free from synthetic chemicals cemaran and maintain a more healthy environment. Since that is the start Dilirik agricultural natural way again (back to nature). Organic agriculture is very different to modern agriculture in natural relic. In organic farming, modern technology required planting, provision of organic fertilizer, pest and disease control using a biological agent or microbe, and the good management to the success of organic agriculture. Organic agriculture as defined in the "system of agricultural production
a holistic and integrated, in a way to optimize health and productivity of agro-ecosystem naturally, resulting in food and fiber that is, quality, and sustainable. More IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture movements) describes organic agriculture is a holistic system of agriculture that support and accelerate biodiversiti, biological cycles and soil biological activity.

The term organic agriculture has been channeling all the imagination of farmers with consumers who are serious and responsible avoiding chemicals (pesticide and herbicide), and chemical fertilizers that poison the environment with the goal of obtaining a healthy environment. They also tried to produce a sustainable crop production in a way to improve soil fertility using natural resources such as agricultural waste recycle. Thus, organic agriculture is a movement "back to nature" (Sutanto, 2002a).

Main principles of organic agriculture is the use of low external input is at variance with the use of a high external input. Based on these principles, the growing variety of terms such as Cyclic Farming System, regeneratif agriculture, sustainable agriculture, organic farming, organic system, organic agriculture, biological agriculture, Purely organic agriculture, and ecofarming, which is a contrast from the terms convensional farming, Industrialized form agriculture, and the industrialized farming system (Mugnisjah, 2001).

Organic agriculture is a legal return (low of return) that means a system that seeks to restore all types of organic material in soil either in the form of residues and livestock waste pertanaman and further aims to provide a food plant on (Sutanto, 2002b).

Organic agriculture (organic farming, oraganic system or organic agriculture) is an agricultural system that uses production facilities that come from mahkluk life, not the factory or production materials, minerals (Mugnisjah, 2001).


Based on the main principles, the development of organic agriculture focused on the main objective, namely:
a) Reduce the negative impact on the land, both physical chemistry and biology, so produktisifitas land increased and stable,
b) Reduce the resistance and pest persistensi disease due to the use of chemical pesticides, so that more emphasis on biological control,
c) Increased agricultural ecosystem health so that the environmental health of the community and also increase farmers'
d) Reduce the dependence of farmers on the entry form of production facilities from the outside, so that the use of local resources has been increasing,
e) Implement the sovereignty of farmers in determining the plans and strategies of decision making so that the social and economic disparities can be resolved.

In the technical approach, the system of organic agriculture emphasizes the principles of burly recycling, water conservation and the interactions between plants in the fulfillment cycle burly and control pests and diseases and weeds in the model of integrated farming system. The discussion in this paper emphasis on the principles of burly recycling, water conservation and the interaction between plants for the purpose of burly cycle and increase economic and production results biomassa.

The principle of recycling burly on organic agriculture is based on efforts to reduce loss through harvest burly (biomassa and economic results), in a way to restore some biomassa in the land, after the harvest in the economy. On the use of burly that from inorganic materials (chemical fertilizers), the burly recycling process does not occur because the main source of inorganic burly is coming from outside agroekosistem. While the burly source of organic material (biomassa plant, animal dung and organic waste), after having given in to the soil in organic form, the process will be further dissociation into inorganic form that is ready to be the root of the plant. Some burly these will be used to produce dried plant material (and the resulting economic biomassa), which then can be recycled again.
The main source of organic burly plot comes from the farm, while the burly inorganic sources come from outside the farm plot.

Organic agriculture systems also can overcome the problem of water in the pertanaman. Water conservation can be done because the addition of organic material, especially that from biomassa plant, will initially function as mulsa (land cover). Closing mulsa akan land through increase in soil water contents, because the process can be evoporasi. Overcome the problem of water not only limited to the loss of water pressure, but to the efficiency of water use (water use efficiency) by the plant.
Organic agriculture more oriented on the implant more than one type of plant in a plot usahatani. Model with the principles of Multiple Cropping, and one aim is to improve water use efficiency,
because open space that allows the occurrence of loss of water can reduce the minimal possible. This is due oleeh ratio the higher the use of land, so that almost all potential water used by plants.



organic farming by organic agriculture purbalingga team based on many sources